·论述的基本结构(The basic structure of an argument)
·正确得到的结论(Properly drawn conclusion)
·基于的假设(Underlying assumption)
·被强有力支持的解释性假说(Well-supported explanatory hypotheses)
·结构上相似的论点的平行结构(Parallels between structurally similar arguments)
(二)论点评价(Argument evaluation)。
这一方面的问题主要让你在分析既定的论点基础之上去识别:
·加强或削弱既定论点的因素(Factors that would strengthen, or weaken, the given argument)
·在进行论述时所犯的推理错误(Reasoning errors committed in making that argument)
·进行论述所使用的方法(The method by which the argument proceeds)
(三)形成并且评价行动方案(Formulating and evaluating a plan of action)
这方面的问题主要让你去识别:
·不同行动方案的相对合适性、有效性或效率(The relative appropriateness, effectiveness, or efficiency of different plans of action)
·加强或削弱拟议行动方案成功可能的因素(Factors that would strengthen, or weaken, the prospects of success for a proposed plan of action)
·拟议行动计划所基于的假设(Assumptions underlying a proposed plan of action)